Winning Abstracts from the 2008 Medical Student Abstract Competition: Physiologic Effect of Relaxation Therapies on Autonomic Tone Early After Acute Coronary Syndromes.
Author: Rachel Summer Claire Friedman, Yale University
Introduction
Post-MI patients are at increased risk of arrhythmic sudden death. Stress and sympathetic activation are known to influence arrhythmogenesis. While relaxation therapies improve psychological well-being in multiple medical illnesses, whether these therapies can positively influence sympathovagal balance in the post-MI population is unknown. We explored the physiologic effects of Reiki, a light-touch relaxation therapy, and music on post- acute coronary syndrome (ACS) inpatients, using heart rate variability (HRV) to assess changes in cardiac autonomic function during treatment.
Post-MI patients are at increased risk of arrhythmic sudden death. Stress and sympathetic activation are known to influence arrhythmogenesis. While relaxation therapies improve psychological well-being in multiple medical illnesses, whether these therapies can positively influence sympathovagal balance in the post-MI population is unknown. We explored the physiologic effects of Reiki, a light-touch relaxation therapy, and music on post- acute coronary syndrome (ACS) inpatients, using heart rate variability (HRV) to assess changes in cardiac autonomic function during treatment.
Methods
Forty-eight patients with ACS within the last 72 hours were randomized to received a single 20-minute session of either Reiki, classical music, or a control “minimal distraction environment”. All subjects underwent ambulatory ECG holter monitoring. Emotional state was assessed by Likert scale. HRV was analyzed by spectral analysis via fast Fourier transformation during the baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods and high-frequency power (log-normalized) compared via ANOVA with repeated measures. Adequate holters were recorded in 12 control, 13 music, and 12 Reiki patients.
Forty-eight patients with ACS within the last 72 hours were randomized to received a single 20-minute session of either Reiki, classical music, or a control “minimal distraction environment”. All subjects underwent ambulatory ECG holter monitoring. Emotional state was assessed by Likert scale. HRV was analyzed by spectral analysis via fast Fourier transformation during the baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods and high-frequency power (log-normalized) compared via ANOVA with repeated measures. Adequate holters were recorded in 12 control, 13 music, and 12 Reiki patients.
Results
As shown in the table below, high frequency (HF) component of HRV, an index of parasympathetic tone, increased significantly during Reiki but not during music or control. RR interval increased significantly with Reiki and control, but not with music. Reiki significantly reduced reported anxiety and increased sense of relaxation compared to control, whereas music did not. ? Reiki (R) ? Music (M) ? Control (C) P value P value P value C vs. R M vs. R C vs. M Ln HF HRV 0.58±0.16 -0.1±0.16 0.06±0.16 0.025* 0.007* 0.5 RR (msec) 46.49±11.3 0.22±10.9 41.40±11.3 0.79 0.002* 0.01* Anxious -1.91±0.7 -0.39±0.8 0.54±0.8 0.04* 0.13 0.41 Relaxed 3.03±0.6 1.71±0.7 0.5±0.7 0.005* 0.21 0.18 Change in physiological and psychological parameters with intervention. * P value significant, p < 0.05.
As shown in the table below, high frequency (HF) component of HRV, an index of parasympathetic tone, increased significantly during Reiki but not during music or control. RR interval increased significantly with Reiki and control, but not with music. Reiki significantly reduced reported anxiety and increased sense of relaxation compared to control, whereas music did not. ? Reiki (R) ? Music (M) ? Control (C) P value P value P value C vs. R M vs. R C vs. M Ln HF HRV 0.58±0.16 -0.1±0.16 0.06±0.16 0.025* 0.007* 0.5 RR (msec) 46.49±11.3 0.22±10.9 41.40±11.3 0.79 0.002* 0.01* Anxious -1.91±0.7 -0.39±0.8 0.54±0.8 0.04* 0.13 0.41 Relaxed 3.03±0.6 1.71±0.7 0.5±0.7 0.005* 0.21 0.18 Change in physiological and psychological parameters with intervention. * P value significant, p < 0.05.
Conclusion
Reiki increases vagal activity and decreases anxiety in patients after ACS. Whether longer-term use of this therapy can improve outcomes requires further study.
Reiki increases vagal activity and decreases anxiety in patients after ACS. Whether longer-term use of this therapy can improve outcomes requires further study.
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